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Current Affairs: 16 May 2020

1. Coast Guard patrol vessel and two intercepting boats launched

Defense Minister Rajnath Singh has launched an Indian Coast Guard (ICG) vessel and two interceptor boats in Goa through video-conferencing in New Delhi amid Corona virus global epidemic.

• On this occasion, Rajnath Singh launched the Indian Coast Guard’s ‘conscious’ vessel and C-450 and C-451 intercepted boats in Goa via video link.
• This is the first time in Indian maritime history that Coast Guard boats have been launched digitally. This has been done in the backdrop of the Kovid-19 global epidemic, while maintaining a strict social distance protocol.

Conscious ship

• The first vessel ‘Sachet’ under the series of five offshore patrol boats has been designed and built in the country by Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL). It is equipped with state-of-the-art navigational and communication devices, sensors and machinery.
• The 105-meter long vessel weighs around 2,350 tonnes and has two engines of 9,100 kW. It can run at a maximum speed of 26 knots.
• The vessel is capable of carrying a dual-engine helicopter for search and rescue operations, four high-speed boats and an air ferry. It is also capable of carrying limited equipment to combat pollution caused by oil spills at sea.

C-450 & C-451 Blocker Boats

• The country-built C-450 and C-451 interceptor boats have been designed and built by L&T Shipyard at Hazira, Gujarat and are equipped with state-of-the-art shipping and communication equipment.
• These 30-30 meter long boats are capable of running at a speed of 45 knots. They are designed for high-speed interception, near-shore patrolling and low-intensity maritime operations.

2. World Bank will give India a billion dollar package amid Corona crisis

In the midst of the Corona crisis, the World Bank has given India a major relief. The bank has announced a billion dollar package for government programs. It is a social security package.

• With this, the amount given by the World Bank for emergency Kovid-19 response in India has increased to two billion dollars. Last month, US $ 1 billion in aid was announced to support India’s health sector.
• The World Bank funding can be used for better screening of corona virus patients in the country, upgrading of Kovid-19 hospital and building labs. The bank had already proposed a package to 25 developing countries.
• Earlier, the New Development Bank of the BRICS countries (NDB) announced a $ 1 billion emergency aid to India to fight against Corona.

world Bank

• The World Bank is a Bretonwood institution founded in 1944. Its main objective is to provide financial assistance to member nations in the work of reconstruction and development. The World Bank Group is a group of five international organizations that provide finance and financial advice to member countries. Its headquarters are located in Washington, DC.
• The following are the five international organizations of the World Bank –
• i) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development-IBRD
• ii) International Finance Corporation-IFC
• iii) International Development Association-IDA
• iv) International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes-ICSID)
• v) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency-MIGA
• Currently David R. of America, President of the World Bank There is Malpas who succeeds Christlina Giorgiva.

3. Arjun Munda launches ‘Goal’ program

Tribal Affairs Minister Arjun Munda has launched ‘GoAL – Going Online as Leaders’ program of Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) in partnership with Facebook via a webinar in New Delhi.

• Key Points of ‘GOAL – Going Online as Leaders’ Program
• The event is Facebook’s aim to digitally encourage and train tribal young women across the country.
• The program was launched by Facebook in February from 2019 to October 2019 in 5 states which received an encouraging response. Through ‘Gol’, disadvantaged young tribal women are linked to senior experts in the business, fashion and arts sectors, so that they can learn digital and life skills.
• In the program, Ministry of Tribal Affairs and Facebook India will train 5,000 young women in tribal dominated districts. Through this partnership of the next phase of the program, the ‘Gol’ program will guide economically and socially marginalized young women about the use of technology.
• There will be 1 mentor for 2 mentors under the program. The objective of this program is to encourage the youth of Scheduled Tribes (ST) in remote areas to share their aspirations, dreams and talents with their gurus and enable them to use digital platforms.
• It is noteworthy that many young women have registered in this program. Most of these women use the Internet to highlight the problems in their communities and all these women have also expressed a desire to start their own business.
• Facebook says it is committed to reducing the digital gender gap by accessing women’s digital services and that the program is important because it works to increase leadership capacity among young women.

4. Two and a half million farmers will be given a loan at a concessional rate of two lakh crores

Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has announced a loan for farmers in connection with an economic package of 20 lakh crore rupees under the self-sufficient India campaign announced by the Prime Minister.

• Addressing the second press conference about the economic package, he said that the government has also announced creation of an emergency capital fund of Rs 30,000 crore for farmers through NABARD. This will be in addition to the 90 thousand crores announced earlier for the farmers.
• Its objective is to benefit more than three crore farmers. The Finance Minister also announced a concession of two lakh crore rupees through Kisan Credit Card to strengthen 2.5 crore farmers.
• The scheme will also include fishermen and cattle rearers. This will enable 2.5 million people to get institutional loans at concessional interest rates.
• Referring to the economic package, the Finance Minister also mentioned the immediate steps taken by the government to deal with the situation arising out of the Kovid-19 epidemic. He said that the payment of interest on the loan of four lakh crores to three crore small farmers has been granted till March 31.
• Apart from this, farmers have also been given time to pay for crop loans. They have also announced to give incentive money to the farmers who want to repay the loans. The Finance Minister said that 25 lakh new Kisan Credit Cards have been approved, so that farmers will be able to get 63 lakh loans worth 86 thousand six hundred crores.

5. Open doors of Badrinath Dham

The doors of Badrinath Dham in Uttarakhand have been opened from May 15. On this occasion only 28 people associated with the chief priest of the Dham, Dharmadhikari, Additional Dharmadhikari and other places of worship. Due to the Corona lockdown, this was the first time in history that devotees were not present in the Dham when the doors were opened.

Badrinath Temple

• Badrinath or Badrinarayan Temple is a Hindu temple located on the banks of the Alaknanda River in Chamoli district of the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is a temple dedicated to the Hindu deity Vishnu and this place is one of the most sacred places mentioned in this religion, it is an ancient temple which is found in the 7th-9th century.
• Badrinath is one of the four most popular and sacred shrines of India; Other dhams are Rameswaram, Puri and Dwarka.
• This temple is mentioned in many ancient texts like Vishnu Purana, Mahabharata and Skanda Purana. In the Skandpuran, the Badri region is referred to as “Muktiprada”.
• The temple remains open for a limited period of six months of the year (from late April to early November) due to the harsh weather conditions of the Himalayan region during winter. It is one of the busiest pilgrimage centers in India.
• Although this temple is located in North India, the chief priests here called “Rawal” are Brahmins of the Namboodari sect of the state of Kerala in South India.

6. Corona virus can cause global economy a loss of $ 8,800 billion: ADB

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has said in a report that the “corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic could cause damage to the global economy from $ 5,800 billion to $ 8,800 billion, which is equivalent to 6.4 percent to 9.7 percent of global GDP.” . ”

• The ADB has said the potential economic impact of Kovid-19 on South Asia will reduce the GDP of South Asia from 3.9 percent to six percent. This will be due to strict restrictions in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan.
• The Manila-based multilateral agency said the economic losses in Asia and the Pacific could be between $ 1,700 billion and $ 2,500 billion. The sector will account for 30 percent of the total reduction in global production.
• According to the report, China may incur losses between $ 1,100 billion and $ 1,600 billion.

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a regional development bank. It was established on 19 December 1966. ADB is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. It aims to promote social and economic development in the Asia-Pacific region.
• The bank was set up with 31 members, now ADB now has 68 members, of which 49 are from the Asia-Pacific region and 19 are non-Asian countries.
• The Asian Development Bank provides direct loans or technical assistance to a member group. The bank provides loans or technical assistance to member nations to fulfill these objectives, such as to stimulate economic development, coordinate general economic policies and trade, reduce poverty, improve the status of women, human development ( Supporting population planning) and environmental protection.
• The largest proportion of shares in Asian Development Bank is from Japan, currently its chairman is Masatsugu Asakawa of Japan.

7. Dr. Harsh Vardhan dedicated the Cobas-6800 (COBAS-6800) machine to the nation.

Union Health and Family Welfare Minister Dr. Harsh Vardhan visited the National Center for Disease Control (NCDC) and dedicated the COBAS-6800 (COBAS-6800) machine to the nation.

• It is the first testing machine that the government has purchased to investigate cases of Kovid-19 and has been installed at the National Center for Disease Control.
• Since its inception, NCDC is now fully equipped with a high end machine for execution of Kovid-19 and high end machine Cobas-6800 (COBAS-6800) for real time PCR execution.

COBAS-6800 (COBAS-6800)

• The COBAS-6800 (COBAS-6800) robotics enabled is a state-of-the-art machine that minimizes contamination opportunities and the risk of infection to health workers because it can be operated remotely with limited human interventions.
• Since the machine requires a minimum BSL2 Plus (BSL2 +) control level for testing, it cannot be replaced with any other facility.
• COBAS-6800 (COBAS-6800) can also detect viral hepatitis B and C, HIV, Mtb (rifampicin and isoniazide resistance), papilloma, CMV, chlamydia, nascerea, etc.
• The COBAS-6800 (COBAS-6800) will provide a quality, high volume test with a high thermostat test of approximately 1200 samples in 24 hours. This will bring a wide increase in investigative capacity along with reduction in consideration.

Status of india

• As of May 14, 2020, a total of 78,003 cases have been reported in the country of which 26,235 persons have recovered and 2,549 deaths have occurred. During the last 24 hours, 3,722 new confirmed cases have occurred.

8. Z-scan technology will help to gain deeper knowledge of Parkinson’s disease

Recently, scientists from IIT (ISM) Dhanbad and CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata have joined hands to find a solution to the alpha synuclein (ASYN-ASyn) issue related to Parkinson’s disease.

• The head of the IIT (ISM) team, Dr. Umakant Tripathi, a physicist, studied the disparate behavior of biomaterials using the Z-scan technique. On the other hand, Dr. Krishnananda Chattopadhyay of CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology is a biophysicist, working to understand ASYN aggregation and its effect in Parkinson’s disease.
• The team found that the Z-scan method was actually a technique they were looking for. It can help in monitoring both the early and later stages of aggregation of alpha synuclein. They found that the protein has a disparity from its monomeric position to the fibrillar structure.
• They presented three particularly interesting facts: first, in the case of fibrils, the strength of nonlinearity is relatively strong compared to other analogues of the protein, and second, a specific disparity at different stages of aggregation. Is, which can be targeted. The third and most important result is the formation of late-forming oligomers in about 24 hours, which was a change (switch) in the signal of disparity (nonlinearity).
• The team is excited about this fact, as these late-forming oligomers are considered to be the most toxic species of ASIN, and a method – which readily monitors them – can actually be useful for both pharmaceutical and clinical research .

What is alpha synuclein (ASYN-ASyn)?

• Parkinson’s disease is a general nervous system neurodegenerative disease that has no cure. The aggregation of a protein called alpha synuclein (ASYN) is believed to play an important role in pathology. This aggregation is more in the central part of the brain of patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease, which is called Substantia nigra part.

9. 38 new mandis linked to e-NAM platform

38 more mandis have been integrated with the e-NAM platform, thus the government has achieved the milestone of unification of 415 mandis as per target. The 38 mandis added are Madhya Pradesh (19), Telangana (10), Maharashtra (4) and one Gujarat (1), Haryana (1), Punjab (1), Kerala (1) and Jammu and Kashmir (1).

• After the overall success of 585 mandis in phase 1, 415 new mandis have been integrated in phase 2 thus now there are a total of 1000 mandis in 18 states and 3 union territories on the e-NAM platform.
• Earlier this week, 177 mandis were added by the government including Gujarat (17), Haryana (26), Jammu and Kashmir (1), Kerala (5), Maharashtra (54), Odisha (15), Punjab (17), The mandis of Rajasthan (25), Tamil Nadu (13) and West Bengal (1) were included and the total number of mandis in the National Agricultural Market (E-NAM) stood at 962.

ENAM

• E-National Agriculture Market is an innovative initiative in agricultural marketing that digitally extends the digital reach of farmers to many markets and buyers and brings transparency in business transactions with the intention of improving price, Develops the concept of “one nation-one market” for price and agricultural produce according to quality.
• The portal named e-NAM (eNAM) was launched on 14 April 2016 by the central government. Under this, farmers can sell their produce online from the nearest market and traders can pay the price for their produce from anywhere.
• The National Agricultural Market (E-NAM) is a highly ambitious and successful scheme of the Government of India to eliminate processes of information disparity between buyer and seller and promote real-time price discovery based on real demand and supply processes in integrated market Uniformity in agricultural marketing can be promoted by simplifying
• As a result, there will be an increase in the number of traders, which will also increase competition, so that fair prices can be fixed and farmers will get fair prices for their produce.

10. First case of Kovid-19 at Rohingya camp in Bangladesh

The first case of infection with the corona virus has been reported in crowded camps for Rohingya refugees in southern Bangladesh. More than 1 million refugees live in these camps.

• The country’s refugee affairs commissioner Mahboob Alam Talukdar said one person from the Rohingya community and another person living in Cox’s Bazar district had confirmed the infection after which they were sent to segregation.
• The plastic sheeted tents in these camps live with a population density of about 40,000 people per square kilometer (103,600 per square mile). This is 40 times the average density of Bangladesh, increasing the risk of infection among refugees by leaps and bounds.
• Each hut is barely 10 square meters (107 sq ft) and many have 12–12 people living together.

Who are the Rohingya refugees?

• People from the Rohingya community in Buddhist-majority Myanmar have long been considered the “Bengalis” of Bangladesh, while their families have lived in this country for generations. They have been driven out of Myanmar by people of Buddhism from violent activities.
• Myanmar does not consider Rohingyas as its citizens, they have neither been provided with any government identity card nor have they been given the right to participate in voting. Almost all of them have not been granted citizenship since 1982. They do not have any country to say their own, as well as they do not have freedom of movement and other fundamental rights.
• ARSA (Arakan Rohingya Selveshan Army), an organization carrying out terrorist activities in Myanmar, also played an important role in spreading bitterness between the Rohingya and Buddhist peoples, making the victims of Buddhism from terrorist activities both communities Hate spread.
• The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ordered Myanmar on 23 January 2020 to take all steps to curb the genocide of the Rohingya people as per its power. Court President Justice Abdulkavi Ahmed Yusuf said that “the international court is of the view that Rohingya are the most vulnerable in Myanmar.”
• The West African country Gambia had taken the case of about seven lakh 40 thousand Rohingya Muslims migrating from Myanmar to the International Court of Justice due to large-scale arson, genocide and rape. Fifty-seven-member Islamic Cooperation Organization, Canada and the Netherlands supported the Gambia initiative.